Genetic transformation for varietal improvement - current status and implications for sugarcane

Techniques have been developed recently for the transfer of useful new genes into sugarcane cells, and for regeneration of transgenic plants. Novel genes expected to increase resistance to pests, diseases and environmental stresses are being prepared for transfer into sugarcane, and research has commenced into genes affecting sugar accumulation. The first field trials to evaluate effects of the gene transfer process on field performance on sugarcane varieties are planned for 1993. Varieties improved by genetic transformation should be available for commercial fields within 5 to 10 years. This paper describes the technology for gene transfer and some of the most likely practical applications. The research required before commercialisation is outlined, and potential technical and commercial limitations on the process are considered.